Understanding Osteoarthritis

Osteoarthritis (OA), also known as degenerative joint disease, is a common PAINFUL condition in dogs and cats characterized by the gradual breakdown of cartilage in the joints. This leads to pain, stiffness, and decreased mobility.

Diagnosis:

• Physical Examination: Assessing joint pain, swelling, and range of motion.
• X-rays: To visualize joint changes and confirm the diagnosis.
• Blood Tests: To rule out other conditions that may cause similar symptoms.

How Do We Treat OA?

The treatment of osteoarthritis requires a multimodal approach. Your veterinarian may use a combination of the following treatments to help your pet feel their best:

Medication:

• Pain Relievers: Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) can reduce pain and inflammation
• Disease-Modifying Osteoarthritis Drugs (Adequan)): Help to slow the progression of the disease and protect cartilage, dogs and horses only
• Monoclonal Antibodies (Librella/Solensia): Alter pain pathways to decrease discomfort due to osteoarthritis

Weight Management:

• Diet: A balanced diet to maintain a healthy weight.
• Exercise: Regular, low-impact exercise to keep joints flexible without causing stress.

Joint Supplements:

• Glucosamine, Chondroitin, and Omega 3 Fatty Acids: These supplements can support joint health and reduce clinical signs by lubricating and protecting the joint. (Ex: Purina ProPlan Joint Care, Dasuquin Advanced)

Physical Therapy:

• Rehabilitation Exercises: To improve joint function and strength.
• Hydrotherapy: Swimming or water treadmill exercises can be beneficial.

Alternative Therapies:

• Laser Therapy: Helps to decrease pain and inflammation.

Surgical Options (for severe cases):

• Arthroscopy: Minimally invasive surgery to clean out damaged tissue.
• Joint Replacement: In severe cases, surgery to replace the affected joint.

When to Contact Your Vet

If you notice any of the following, contact your vet immediately:

• Sudden worsening of symptoms.
• Severe pain or inability to move.
• Changes in appetite or behavior.

Managing osteoarthritis in dogs involves a combination of treatments and lifestyle adjustments. With proper care and attention, many dogs with OA can lead happy, active lives. Regular veterinary check-ups are crucial to tailor the treatment plan to your dog’s specific needs.

For more information or to discuss your dog’s condition, please consult your veterinarian.

Additional Resources for Pet Owners:

• Zoetis: 6 Exercises for Dogs with Osteoarthritis
• Veterinary Partner: Physical Rehabilitation for Arthritis in Dogs
• Zoetis: Feline Osteoarthritis Checklist (video)
• Passive Range of Motion Exercises
• Weight Check!!